Permanent magnet AlNiCo is an alloy of iron in which aluminum, nickel, cobalt, and a small amount of other magnetic enhancing ingredients are added in addition to iron.AlNiCo alloy has high coercivity and high Curie temperature. AlNiCo ring magnet is hard and brittle and cannot be cold worked. It must be made by casting or sintering process. AlNiCo can produce a magnetic field of up to 0.15 Tesla. For an example of an intermediate anisotropic cast Al nickelco alloy, the composition of AlNiCo-6 is 8% Al, 16% Ni, 24% Co, 3% Cu, 1% Ti, and the rest are Fe. AlNiCo-6 has a BHmax of 3.9 megagauss-oesteds (MG·Oe), a coercivity of 780 oersted, a Curie temperature of 860 °C, and a maximum operating temperature of 525 °C.Before the discovery of rare earth magnets in the 1970s, AlNiCo was the strongest material for permanent magnets.
AlNiCo ring magnet has the advantages of high remanence (up to 1.35T), low coercivity (usually less than 160kA/m) and nonlinear demagnetization curve, so AlNiCo ring magnet is easy to be magnetized, but also easy to demagnetize. Special attention should be paid to its particularity in the design and manufacture of magnetic circuit of devices, and the magnet must be stabilized in advance. It is strictly prohibited to contact with any ferromagnetic material during use, so as not to cause local irreversible demagnetization or distortion of flux density distribution.
Among all permanent magnet materials, AlNiCo ring magnet has the lowest reversible temperature coefficient. AlNiCo ring magnet has good temperature stability and aging stability, and is suitable for making instruments, motors, electroacoustic devices, magnetic machinery, etc.
Advantages & Disadvantages of AlNiCo Magnets
Advantages
• Cast Alnico offers a near net shape. Cast alnico can be produced to complex shapes with complex magnetic patterns.
• Alnico Br as high as NdFeB at room temperature.
• Can be used up to 450-550 degrees C (842-932F).
• Least variation in magnetic output with temperature change of any magnetic material.
• Can be cast in very large sizes.
Disadvantages
• Sintered AlNiCo is usually limited to small to medium sizes and simpler shapes.
• Low coercivity (Hcj) making them easy to demagnetise.
• Complex cast alnico sometimes needs sand mold tooling which can be expensive if existing tooling is not available.
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Typical Magnetic Performance for Sintered AlNiCo magnet
Grade | Remanence | Coercive Force | Max Energy | Density | Similar MMPA Standard | Temp. Coeff. of Br | Curie Temp. | Max. Working Temp. | |||
Br | Hcb | (BH)max | |||||||||
mT | Gs | KA/ m | Oe | KJ/m³ | MGOe | g/cm³ | %/°C | °C | °C | ||
*FLN8 | 520 | 5200 | 40 | 500 | 8 | 1.00 | 6.7 | AlNiCo 3 | -0.022 | 760 | 450 |
*FLNG12 | 700 | 7000 | 40 | 500 | 12 | 1.50 | 7 | AlNiCo 2 | -0.014 | 810 | 450 |
*FLNG14 | 570 | 5700 | 76 | 950 | 14 | 1.75 | 7.1 | AlNiCo 4 | -0.02 | 850 | 450 |
*FLNG18 | 560 | 5600 | 88 | 1100 | 18 | 2.25 | 7.2 | AlNiCo 7 | -0.02 | 850 | 450 |
FLNG26 | 900 | 9000 | 56 | 700 | 26 | 3.25 | 7.2 | AlNiCo 6 | -0.02 | 850 | 450 |
FLNG28 | 1050 | 10500 | 46 | 580 | 28 | 3.50 | 7.2 | AlNiCo 5 | -0.016 | 850 | 450 |
FLNGT31 | 780 | 7800 | 104 | 1300 | 31 | 3.90 | 7.2 | AlNiCo 8 | -0.02 | 850 | 450 |
FLNG34 | 1100 | 11000 | 50 | 630 | 34 | 4.30 | 7.2 | AlNiCo 5 | -0.016 | 890 | 450 |
FLNGT36 | 680 | 6800 | 135 | 1700 | 36 | 4.50 | 7.2 | AlNiCo 8 | -0.011 | 850 | 450 |
FLNGT38 | 800 | 8000 | 123 | 1550 | 38 | 4.75 | 7.2 | AlNiCo 8 | -0.02 | 850 | 450 |
FLNGT42 | 880 | 8800 | 122 | 1530 | 42 | 5.25 | 7.2 | AlNiCo 8 | -0.02 | 850 | 450 |
FLNGT33J | 700 | 7000 | 140 | 1750 | 33 | 4.13 | 7.2 | ALNICO8HC | -0.025 | 850 | 450 |
*=Isotropic Other=Anisotropic
Typical Magnetic Performance for Cast AlNiCo
Grade | Remanence | Coercive Force | Max Energy | Density | Similar MMPA Standard | Temperature Coefficient | Curie Temp. °C | Max. Working Temp. | ||||
Br | Hcb | (BH)max | ||||||||||
mT | Gs | KA/m | Oe | KJ/ m³ | MGOe | g/cm³ | %/°C Br | %/°C Hcb | ||||
*LN9 | 680 | 6800 | 30 | 380 | 9.0 | 1.13 | 6.9 | AlNiCo 3 | -0.03 | -0.02 | 810 | 450 |
*LN10 | 600 | 6000 | 40 | 500 | 10 | 1.25 | 6.9 | -0.03 | -0.02 | 810 | 450 | |
*LNG12 | 720 | 7200 | 45 | 570 | 12.4 | 1.55 | 7 | AlNiCo 2 | -0.03 | -0.02 | 810 | 450 |
*LNG13 | 700 | 7000 | 48 | 600 | 12.8 | 1.6 | 7 | |||||
LNG37 | 1200 | 12000 | 48 | 600 | 37 | 4.65 | 7.3 | AlNiCo 5 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 860 | 525 |
LNG40 | 1250 | 12500 | 48 | 600 | 40 | 5.0 | 7.3 | |||||
LNG44 | 1250 | 12500 | 52 | 650 | 44 | 5.5 | 7.3 | |||||
LNG52 | 1300 | 13000 | 56 | 700 | 52 | 6.5 | 7.3 | AlNiCo 5 DG | ||||
LNG60 | 1350 | 13500 | 59 | 740 | 60 | 7.5 | 7.3 | AlNiCo 5-7 | ||||
LNGT28 | 1100 | 11000 | 58 | 720 | 28 | 3.5 | 7.3 | AlNiCo 6 | -0.02 | 0.03 | 860 | 525 |
LNGT36J | 700 | 7000 | 140 | 1750 | 36 | 4.5 | 7.3 | AlNiCo 8 HC | -0.025 | 0.02 | 860 | 550 |
*LNGT18 | 580 | 5800 | 100 | 1250 | 18 | 2.25 | 7.3 | AlNiCo 8 | -0.025 | 0.02 | 860 | 550 |
LNGT32 | 800 | 8000 | 100 | 1250 | 32 | 4.0 | 7.3 | AlNiCo 8 | -0.025 | 0.02 | 860 | 550 |
LNGT38 | 820 | 8200 | 110 | 1380 | 38 | 4.75 | 7.3 | |||||
LNGT44 | 880 | 8800 | 120 | 1500 | 44 | 5.5 | 7.3 | |||||
LNGT60 | 900 | 9000 | 110 | 1380 | 60 | 7.5 | 7.3 | |||||
LNGT72 | 1050 | 10500 | 120 | 1500 | 72 | 9 | 7.3 | AlNiCo 9 | -0.025 | 0.02 | 860 | 550 |
LNGT44J | 820 | 8200 | 144 | 1800 | 44 | 5.5 | 7.3 | AlNiCo 8 HE | -0.025 | 0.02 | 860 | 550 |
*=Isotropic Other=Anisotropic
